N. M. Gardner was born in Henderson County. West Tenn., July 7, 1830, the son of Joseph and Elizabeth (McLernan) Gardner, natives of North Carolina, who at an early day, in 1824, moved to Henderson County, Tenn., and engaged in farming. Mr. Gardner, though an uneducated man, by hard work accumulated quite a property, owning 3,000 acres at the time of his death, which occurred in Tennessee, at the age of seventy years, his excellent wife dying some years later. Grandfather Joseph Gardner served in the Revolutionary war. Our subject, the sixth in a family of ten, was raised on the farm, and aided in clearing up the land; he was educated in the subscription schools of Tennessee. In 1859 he came to Jackson County, settling in Bird Township, where he bought 400 acres of land, sixty-five acres being cleared; after clearing sixty acres more, he sold the land, and in 1869 engaged in the mercantile business, in which he is now engaged, as the proprietor of a general store, carrying a full line of groceries, dry goods, and shelf hardware; this was the first store opened in the place. Mr. Gardner also bas a farm of 475 acres, 250 being under cultivation, on which are raised principally cotton, corn and onts, and some stock. June 23, 1857, our subject married Lavinia R. Hardgrave, of Madison County, Tenn., daughter of F. R. and Molvina (Woodfolk) Hardgrave, of Tennessee. Her father came to Jackson County, in 1866, his death occurring at Kenyon, in 1878, his wife dying in Tennessee. They have two children: Emerson D., attending Batesville College, and Mattie Lou, attending the public school at Batesville, where the family reside during the school year, Mr. Gardner also owning property in that place. Mr. Gardner is a [p.860] Democrat, having been brought out by the party as representative, and made a strong run. He is a member of Tuckerman Lodge No. 192, and was made a Mason in Tennessee. He is practically a self-made man, having made what he has by his own efforts, and has always been actively interested in everything, for the good of the county, aiding liberally in all public enterprises.

Eugene Bailey Gillim, farmer and stock raiser, residing in the village of Swifton, Jackson County, is a native of Daviess County, Ky., having been born October 3, 1849. His parents were Hamilton B. and Middie Gillim. Our subject was raised on a farm in Kentucky, and received his education in that State at Pleasant Valley High School. He made his home in Independence, and taught several terms in Independence County during the summer months, working on a farm during the remainder of the year. In 1874 he came to Jackson County, rented a farm near Tupelo, where he put in crops in 1874 and 1875. Mr. Gillim came to Swifton in 1878, and engaged in mercantile business with Mr. A. D. Bailey, bought Mr. Bailey's interest in 1879, and finally sold out to H. P. Mortensen. He prospected for a location, and finally invested in lots at Morrillton, remained there about nine months, when he sold his property at a nice profit, and in 1880 returned to Jackson County and bought 480 acres of land, about twenty acres improved, where he moved his family, and now has 125 acres under cultivation. In 1888 he erected the comfortable house in Swifton in which he resides, working on it at odd times when not engaged in farm work. His first wife was Miss Clara B. Caviness, of Jackson County, a native of Tennessee, by whom he had two children, one, Corilla, born August 26, 1875, now living. Mrs. Gillim died February 11, 1878, and in 1879 he married Miss Willie E. Moon; they have four children: Otis Eugene, born June 10, 1880; Julia, born January 21, 1883; John M., born May 19, 1886, and Robert L., born March 10, 1888. Mr. and Mrs. Gillim are members of the Christian Church at Swifton. Mr. Gillim is a member of Thornburg Lodge No. 371, Stranger's Home, Lawrence County, Ark., and is a supporter of all worthy movements.

J. M. Glass, Sr., planter and stock raiser, Swifton, Ark. Mr. Glass, who is also numbered among the first-class farmers and stock raisers of the county, came originally from Fayette County, Ill., where he was born in 1829. He was one of the first settlers of this township, after whom it was named, and the only original settler living in the same. He was the fifth of six children born to Elisha W. and Eleanor (Taylor) Glass, natives of the Old Dominion, but both of whom were reared in Illinois near Golconda, Gallatin County. Elisha Glass came with his father, Dudley Glass, to Illinois in 1802, but went to Tennessee in 1820, and settled in Weakley County, of that State. He was there married, and there remained, engaged in farming, until in September, 1829, when he bought land and settled in Fayette County, Ill. He improved several farms, but in 1845 moved to Miller County, Mo., settling in Richwood Township, where his death occurred in 1851. His wife afterward moved to Hill County, Texas, and died in April, 1884. The paternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch moved to Fayette County, Ill., at an early day, where he died, in 1843, at the age of sixty-six years. He was a soldier in the Seminole War. J. M. Glass, Jr., was taught the duties of farm life during boyhood, and received a fair education in the district schools of Illinois. He went ith his parents to Miller County, Mo., was engaged in clearing and developing the farm, and in 1850 made his way to Jackson County, Ark., and settled in Bird Township. During the fall of 1851-52 he taught school on Black River, and boarded with Henry Miller. In the last named year he entered eighty acres of land near Independence County, but later sold that, then invested in more land in 1854, again sold out, and from 1854 to 1857 was engaged in the real estate business. In 1856 he purchased 167 acres of land, and commenced improving the same, erecting a cabin and planting a good orchard. From time to time he added to this farm, until he now owns 467 acres with 150 acres under cultivation. At the beginning of the war he was the owner of 800 acres but afterward sold some of this. He was elected county surveyor in 1860, serving until [p.861] 1862, and in July of that year enlisted in Company A, in Capt. Henry's company, and was mustered into service at Clover Bend, Lawrence County, Ark. He participated in the battle of Prairie Grove, and was in many skirmishes while on detached duty. In the fall of 1863 he was sent home on recruiting service by orders of Gen. Smith, and organized a company of which he was elected first lieutenant, serving thus until November, 1864, when he was made adjutant, serving in that capacity until the close of the war. He was in Thomas H. McCray's brigade, was with Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri and Arkansas, and was in active service until the close of the war. He surrendered the company at Jacksonport, June 5, 1865, after which he returned to the duties on the farm. He was married, in Jackson County, on the 7th of November, 1857, to Miss Amanda K. Bandy, a native of Bedford County, Tenn., and nine children were born to them, four now living, viz.: Fannie, born October 18, 1858, and is now Mrs. A. Catlett, Prairie Grove, Ark.; John M., born February 16, 1863, and is at home; Lucy E., born December 25, 1866, and Carrie A., born in July, 1873; E. W. died in 1880, at the age of twenty years; two died in infancy: Samuel died in 1875, at the age of five years, and George died in 1884, at the age of four years. After his marriage Mr. Glass located on his present fine farm, and there he

has since remained. He is quite active in politics, and votes with the Democratic party. He discharged such duties as were incumbent upon the office of justice of the peace in 1858 and 1860, and has always taken an earnest part in all educational affairs, having served on the school board for about twelve years. He resided for a short time in Izard County, for the purpose of educating his children, and in this he has been successful.

George W. Goddard is the popular proprietor of the Planters' Hotel, at Newport, Ark., and is a native of Wayne County, N. Y., born on the 2d of December, 1840. He is one of six living members of a family of eight children born to Edwin P. and Maria (Fillmore) Goddard, and is their third child in order of birth. He was reared and educated in York State, and like the majority of natives of the "Empire State" he is intelligent and enterprising. After making his home with his parents until he attained his majority, he went to Leavenworth, Kan., where he was employed in the quartermaster's and sutler's department for several years during the war, and he was thereafterward employed on the construction of the Kansas Pacific Railroad for some time. His next enterprise was to engage in the hotel business, at Salina, Kan., but this enterprise he gave up, after a short time, to go to Old Mexico, where he spent a year or two in investigating a mining interest. Subsequently he opened and developed the Bellville Zinc Mines, in Jasper County, Mo., putting up the improved reduction works, and these mines he operated, with good results, for several years. His next business enterprise was to engage as a clerk in a hotel at Joplin, Mo., and from this point he returned to Old Mexico. After a time he settled in Little Rock, Ark., where he became manager of the Deming House, continuing in this capacity for about three years. The following year he ran a hotel at Hot Springs, Ark., and in the month of October, 1887, he came to Newport, and took control of the Planter's Hotel, which is a strictly firstclass house. His establishment contains forty rooms, and the meals he serves are always of the best quality, and are palatable and well cooked. Mr. Goddard is connected with the mining interests of Marion County, and his mine gives promise of becoming one of the finest in the United States. Socially, Mr. Goddard is a member of the K. of P. He was married, in 1888, to Mrs. P. V. Sparks, the former proprietress of the Windsor Hotel. Edwin P. Goddard and wife were born in the State of New York, and in 1856 they emigrated to Knox County, Ill., and until 1860 were residents of Abingdon. In the latter year they removed to Leavenworth, Kan., where the father died in 1867, still survived by his widow, who resides in that city.

Andrew J. Greenhaw (deceased), a native of Alabama, was born November 20, 1813. His father, Gabriel Greenhaw, who was born August 9, 1783, came to this country from the eastern shores [p.862] of Scotland, and, after living in Alabama, removed to Mississippi, where he died. Andrew J. located in Jackson County, Ark., about 1840, where, for several years, he rented land and carried on farming. In 1850 he settled on the farm upon which his widow now resides, in Village Township, which, at the time of his purchase, was entirely unimproved, and covered with forest trees. He hung up a log-chain to mark the place for his cabin, which he afterward erected in the most crude way. He then went to work to clear and cultivate his land, which required years of labor and economy, but his toil was rewarded, for at the time of his death he owned in all 640 acres of land, of which 200 acres were under cultivation. He devoted his time and attention entirely to farming and stock raising, and became a prominent man of Jackson County. During the war he was a member of the Home Guards, but saw no active service. After the war he was elected county treasurer, and also served as coroner. Mr. Greenhaw was married March 5, 1844, to Lucinda Pistole, daughter of David Pistole, a native of Virginia, who emigrated to Middle Tennessee, and thence to New Madrid County, Mo., where he died. Mr. and Mrs. Greenhaw were the parents of nine children, five of whom are living, viz.: James A., born in December, 1847 (married September 27, 1866, to Mattie E. George); Mary, born July 1, 1851 (now the wife of Robert A. Spinks); Susan, born October 6, 1852 (wife of Rev. E. A. Garrison, of Trinidad, Col.); Isaac N., born May 27, 1854, and John, born January 15, 1860. Those deceased were Lucy A., born December 18, 1844, died in February, 1846; William D., born March 20, 1846, died June 9, 1859; Anthony, born April 25, 1849, died November 24, 1877, and Nicholas, born August 31, 1855, died at Center Point, Tex., May 16, 1884. The father died February 22, 1872, and his widow is still living on the homestead. The Greenhaw family now have in their possession 800 acres of land, of which 400 acres are under cultivation. The land is all in one tract, and the different members of the family all have their homes upon it. The principal products are corn and cotton, and some attention is paid to stock raising. They are enterprising and successful farmers, and an honor to the parent, who was one of Jackson County's pioneers.

Benjamin F. Grimes, farmer and stock raiser, now residing on Section 6, and owning land on Sections 5, 6, 8 and 17, is a son of Lewis and Ruthy B. (Embry) Grimes, natives of Kentucky. Lewis was a son of James and Sallie Bryan (Boone) Grimes, natives of Virginia, Sallie Grimes being a sister of Daniel Boone, the Kentucky pioneer. The subject of our sketch was born in Fayette County, Ky., March 24, 1836, receiving his education partly in the private schools of his native State; he also attended the State Normal School, of Columbia, S. C., and finished his education at Bethany College, Virginia, in 1854, when he returned home, where he engaged in farming and stock raising, finding a market for his horses and mules in South Carolina. In 1860 he purchased 122 acres of land in Bourbon and Nicholas Counties. June 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Forty-eighth Regiment Volunteer Infantry, Confederate States Army, serving fourteen months as a private, when he received a commission from the secretary of war of the Confederate States of America, to raise a regiment, which was mustered into service in November, 1862, and was ordered to McMinnville, Tenn., under Gen. John H. Morgan, and finally entered the secret service. In the winter of 1863 Col. Grimes was captured, taken to Lexington, Ky., and thrown into what was known as Gen. John H. Morgan's nigger prison; he was kept there ten days, when he was transferred to Kemper Barracks, Cincinnati, where he was kept in solitary confinement four months and twenty-three days, during which time he was court-martialed and sentenced to death on Johnson's Island, in Lake Erie, but six hours before the time for the execution he made his escape by bribing the guards with money given him by a lady friend, and by sliding down a lightning-rod, hand over hand, thirty feet. He took the train for St. Louis, but, fearing danger, stopped off at Lawrence Station, Ill. During his long service, Col. Grimes participated in the battles of Piketon, Chancellorsville, South Mountain, Antietam, seven days' fight before Richmond, Spottsylvania, Hartersville, Perryville, and many skirmishes, too numerous [p.863] to mention. April 4, 1882, Col. Grimes married Mrs. Hebe (Grayson) Butler, daughter of Col. William P. B. Grayson, of Kentucky, who was a son of Robert Harrison Grayson. Col. Grimes is a member of the Christian Church, his wife being a member of the Episcopal, having been confirmed with her father, at his death-bed, in 1873, by Bishop Cummings.

John Q. Guynn, who resides near Newport, in Jackson County, came to Arkansas from Christian County, Ky., in 1861. He is a son of Randolph and Elizabeth (Collins) Guynn, the latter of whom died in Jacksonport, Ark., February 27, 1887, and is buried in the cemetery near Jacksonport. John Q. Guynn was born June 6, 1832, and lived in Kentucky until be emigrated to Arkansas, in 1861, as before stated. He received his education in the Counties of Trigg and Christian, of his native State. January 13, 1857, he married Miss Catherine Stenibaugh, a native of Trigg County, Ky. To them were born two children: John M. (born March 8, 1858, in Trigg County, Ky.) and William A. (born March 6, 1868.) John M. Guynn was married December 15, 1882, to Miss Minnie Pistole, of Jacksonport, Jackson County; he is now employed in the freight depot of the St. Louis & Iron Mountain Railroad. Mr. Guynn first engaged in farming, on rented land, and has ever since devoted his attention to the pursuit of agriculture, with the exception of two years, during which he served in the Confederate army. His first purchase of land was in 1862, and consisted of 160 acres in Cache Township, Jackson County, which was cultivated land. In 1872 he sold out and bought 300 acres in Sections 24 and 25, Jefferson Township, upon which were some small improvements. He now has about 160 acres under cultivation, has erected four good tenant houses and two dwellings, one of the dwelling houses being built for his son John M., and the other by himself. Mr. Guynn is now renting his farm, which is situated midway between Jacksonport and Newport. He at present leases a farm about one mile east of Newport, where he has lived a year and a half. After the death of his first wife our subject married Mrs. Eliza (Holdby) Pistole, March 11, 1878. They are members of the Shiloh congregation of the Christian Church, at Deaz. Mr. Guynn is also a member of Jacksonport Lodge No, 191, A. F. & A. M., and also belongs to Jacksonport Chapter No. 40, R. A. M.

Howell Jesse Hale, a farmer and stock raiser, residing on Section 34, in Grubbs Township, Jackson County, came to Arkansas when about four years of age with his parents, John and Jane (Tatum) Hale, both natives of Georgia. John Hale located in Independence County about 1853, and of the four children born to himself and wife but two are now living, our subject and a sister, who married Mr. T. M. Owens, and now lives in Indian Territory, near Oklahoma. Mr. H. J. Hale was born January 30, 1854. He married Miss Nancy C. Sullens, a native of Arkansas, who was born and married on the place now owned by Mr. Hale. She died in 1880, the mother of two children, one of whom, Julia A., died in 1876; the other, James, was born in 1877. In 1885 Mr. Hale married Miss Nora Robinson, of Jackson County. To the latter union have been born two children, of whom Alberta died in 1887, and Clara, born June 4, 1888, still survives. After the death of his first wife Mr. Hale came into possession of her old homestead, which she inherited from her father, containing 355 acres, to which Mr. Hale has added 460 acres. He now has 260 acres under cultivation and has erected upon the place seven tenant houses, as well as good barns, a cotton-gin, and saw and corn-mill. In clearing his land Mr. Hale uses such of the timber as will make a good quality of lumber for building purposes, for which he finds a ready market in the neighborhood and adjoining townships. He is a member of Newport Lodge A. F. & A. M., and also belongs to that Christian Church known as Robinson's Chapel.

Isaac W. Hankins, by occupation a farmer and stock raiser, was born in Georgia, and when but three years of age came to Arkansas with his parents, Elijah and Celia (Brock) Hankins, both natives of Georgia. The parents located in Craighead County, Ark., in 1856, removing to Jackson County, in 1864, where they rented the McElrath farm in Grubbs Township, upon which they lived [p.864] two or three years, and afterward moved to a place in Village Township, known as the Qualls farm, where both died, the mother surviving her husband only three years. To this worthy couple were born nine children, whose names in the order of their birth are as follows: J. W., born in 1853; Winnie, R., born in 1858; Miutin D., born in 1879; Melia, born in 1881; Noria F., born in 1886, and Strator W., born in 1889. Isaac W. Hankins, the only son, received the most of his education in the common schools of Village Township. Mr. Hankins married Miss Winnie R. Freeman, a native of Johnson County, Ark., and took his bride to a home he had prepared on a small farm on Section 28. Grubbs Township. Jackson County, where they commenced life, living there about five years. Three of their children were born on this place. In 1882 Mr. Hankins rented the farm upon which he now lives, on Section 29, which he purchased in 1885. Mr. and Mrs. Hankins have had six children, of whom but four are living, two having died in infancy. Those living are Mintia D., Melia A., Nora and Strator. The parents are both members of the Christian Church, worshiping with the congregation at Robinson's Chapel. Mr. Hankins is also a member of the Wheel, an organization for the promotion of the interests of the farmers.

J. A. Harlan. One of the best examples of enterprise to be seen in Jacksouport is the business of Mr. Harlan. This gentleman was born in Hardeman County. Tenn., on January 1, 1851, and is a son of David and Sarah (McMullen) Harlan, of North Carolina, who emigrated to Tennessee shortly after their marriage, where they remained several years, and from there to Mississippi, where the father died in 1855. After his death the mother returned to Tennessee, where she is still residing. They were the pareuts of five children, of whom four are yet living: Cullen M., Idotha (wife of Gny Smith), Bettie (wife of Dr. J. M. Higlin) and John A. The mother of these children was three times married, and by her second husband

had one daughter, Jennie Black. John A. was reared principally in Tennessee, and received his education in that State. In 1869 he came to Jacksonport, and was engaged in farming for five years. He afterward embarked in commercial life, and became one of the leading business men of that city, as well as one of the most popular men, socially. He carries a fine stock of general merchandise, and has earned a reputation for square dealing, the best goods and lowest prices, that has enabled him to build up a large patronage in Jackson County. In 1880 Mr. Harlan was married to Miss Lulu Simpson, by whom he has had three children: Cullen D., Elden B. and Ethel A. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and Legion of Honor, as well as the Knights of Henor. Besides his mercantile interests, he owns several hundred acres of valuable land, and altogether enjoys a liberal prosperity.

B. F. Harris was the third in the family of five children born to John and Jane (Goodrich) Harris, and his birth occurred in Madison County, Tenn., in 1856. The parents were natives of Tennessee. John Harris was a planter by occupation, and settled in Glass Township. Jackson County, Ark., in 1860, purchasing 400 acres of land, which he partly improved, and which was his home until his death, in December, 1872; his wife died in 1870. Of the children, two are living beside our subject; J. G., who resides in Jackson County, and Elizabeth E., now Mrs. Hill, living at Swifton. B. F. Harris was reared to the pursuit of farming, receiving his education in the district schools of Jackson County. He aided his father in clearing and improving the home farm, and commenced farming for himself on the same tract. Mr. Harris was married in Jackson County, in 1880, to Emma J. Moon, a native of Calboun County, Ark., and their three children are John Leroy, Thomas Edwin, and Tennessee. After his marriage, our subject settled where he now resides, near the village of Swifton, where he owns 160 acres of good farm land, of which 100 acres are under cultivation. He pays considerable attention to stock raising, owning some valuable stock. Mr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and well known in the township, where they are highly esteemed. Politically, Mr. Harris is a Democrat in his political preferences, though be takes no active interest in politics.

Albert Walter Harris, farmer and stock raiser, of Breckinridge Township, was born March 25, 1859, in Alabama. His parents were Fletcher Harris (born in Alabama, in 1833, died in 1877) and Sallie A. (Walls) Harris, of Alabama (born in 1836, and died Jannary 29, 1889). Our subject was educated in the public schools of Jackson County, Ark. Upon the death of his father, he came into possession of some sixty acres of the old homestead, twenty-five acres of which were cultivated. He now owns 220 acres of land, forty acres cultivated. At one time, in company with his brother, James, he engaged in the mercantile business, erecting a building on the homestead, where they continued six years, moving to Tupelo in 1885, and selling out in 1888. In 1883 Mr. Harris married Miss Martha Ellen Rotenburg, of Alabama; they have three children: Laura Jane (born in November, 1883), Maud Ethel (born February 11, 1885) and Lena (born May 14, 1887.) Mr. Harris is a Democrat, public-spirited and progressive, taking an active interest in things educational, social and religious.

George C. Harrison, planter and miller, is a native of Mississippi, and was born March 23, 1834. His parents were natives of Tennessee, and, both dying before our subject was one year old, he was raised by an uncle–G. C. Harrison. He lived on a farm, never attending school, and the considerable knowledge he has was gathered since his majority. At the age of nineteen he began life for himself, engaging in farming as an overseer, in Prairie County, Ark., where he remained till 1857. He has been three times married–in 1853 to Miss Mary Henderson, of St. Francis County, Ark. They had one child, Arthur, the wife dying in 1857. In 1863 he married Miss Sarah Bray, of St. Francis County, daughter of Henry and Fanny Bray, the father a farmer and Baptist minister. By this union there were four children: Della (died at fifteen), Henry, William, and George (married and living in Jackson). Mrs. Harrison died in 1882, and in 1884 Mr. Harrison married Mrs. Sumette Mallory, widow of James Mallory, who had two children, Anna and Hannah O., aged fifteen and twelve years. In 1872 Mr. Harrison came to Centerville, Jackson County, Ark., where he lived five years, and in 1877 bought ninety-one acres of new land, which he cleared, later adding forty acres to it, and has 100 acres of cleared land. He has since added forty acres to that, making 171 acres in that farm in Union Township. In 1885 he gave his wife a farm of eighty-five acres, seventy-five of which are cleared, lying half a mile northwest of Auvergne. Together, they now own 570 acres, 350 of which are now under cultivation. In 1882 he began ginning cotton with his own machinery, on his farm, in Union Township, insured his customers against loss by fire, and in October, 1885, the gin, together with eighteen bales of his customers' cotton and three bales of his own, were totally destroyed by fire, being a total loss. In 1886 he built his present gin and the grist-mill at Auvergne. This gin is the best in Jackson County, having a capacity of fifteen bales. He does a general ginning business, and buys his tenants' crops. In 1861 our subject enlisted in the Thirteenth Arkansas Regiment, was made lieutenant of Company B, serving one year, when he was discharged. He re-enlisted in Capt. Anderson's company, Col. Dobbins' regiment, where he served until the surrender, in 1865. He was never wounded, but in the battle of Belmont, in which he was engaged, seven bullets were sent through his clothing. He was with Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri, and was at the battle of Lexington. He was also at the battle of Pilot Knob, and the last skirmish was at Fayetteville, Ark., in the winter of 1864. Mr. Harrison votes the Democratic ticket, and is conservative; is a member of the Masonic order, of the Knights of Honor and the A. L. of H. He and his wife are members of the Baptist and Presbyterian Churches, respectively. He also contributes to the support of the churches, schools, and all other enterprises for the good of the county.

J. Y. Harrison, a prosperous and enterprising farmer of Jefferson Township, was born in Christian County, Ky., near Hopkinsville, on the 22d of April, 1847. His parents were Robert and Isabella (Means) Harrison, the father a native of Tennessee and the mother from Kentucky. The elder Harrison moved to Kentucky in his youth, and was [p.866] afterward married in that State, taking his bride to Arkansas in 1850, and locating in Jackson County, near Jacksonport. He entered a tract of land in Bird Township, where he commenced cultivating the soil, and remained until his death in 1874. The mother yet survives him as well as five children: Margaret, wife of A. D. Anderson; James, Robert, Frank and Mary, the latter married to C. B. Coe. J. Y. Harrison, one of the sons, came to Arkansas when only three years of age, and grew to manhood in this State, receiving in the meantime the best education afforded by the schools of that period. He left his parents when eighteen years old, in 1867, with 85 cents in money. He has always made farming his vocation, and after his marriage located on a tract of land in Bird Township, where he resided and cultivated the soil until 1863, when he removed to his present residence and rented land up to 1881, and then buying 160 acres. He now owns 740 acres of some of the most valuable land in that section, and has 320 acres under cultivation, 180 acres of which were cleared and improved by

himself alone. The principal crop is corn and cotton, and of the former this year he has had 300 acres, and 200 acres of the latter. Besides his farm Mr. Harrison deals extensively in stock, having splendid facilities for that business, and raises some of the finest horses, cattle and mules in that section. He also owns a cotton-gin, grist and saw-mill, and raises some grass for the market. In 1869 he was married to Miss Mary Hunter, by whom he has had eight children: Emma, Ida, Minnie, Norah and Pinkey (both deceased), Bertha, Spriggs and Cleveland. In politics Mr. Harrison is a Democrat, and a valuable man to his party, as well as a popular citizen of his county.

Robert H. Harvey, planter and stock raiser, was born in North Caroline, in 1830, the third in a family of nine children of William and Josephine (Harrington) Harvey, of North Carolina. William came to Jackson County, in 1850, settling in Bird Township, where he made his permanent home, dying in 1885 at the age of eighty-two. His wife died some years ago. Of the family there are living Emma (now Mrs. Poe), Robert, Simeon (of Oregon), Benjamin (of Oregon), and W. R., who has a large farm in the upper part of Jackson County. Our subject was raised on the farm, received his education in the subscription schools of Tennessee, and came to Jackson County at the age of twenty and engaged in overseering on plantations for nine years. In 1859 he married Mary B. Palmer, daughter of Samuel and Louisa (Means) Palmer, of Kentucky (both deceased), who came to Jackson County in 1850. After his marriage he entered forty acres of land where he now resides, on which he planted an orchard, and otherwise improved and added to it, until now he has 400 acres, with about 200 under cultivation, raising cotton and corn, and grade stock. Mr. Harvey is a Democrat, has been road overseer, and always takes an active interest in school work, and aids liberally in public enterprises. In 1869 Mrs. Harvey died, leaving three children: Herbert (killed at Tuckerman, in 1879), Samuel and Maggie B. (now Mrs. Shoat, residing in Texas). In February, 1878, Mr. Harvey married Josephine Thomas, of Tennessee, daughter of Columbus and Elizabeth (Long) Thomas, of South Carolina, early settlers of Tennessee. Mrs. Harvey has had two children, both deceased. On his farm Mr. Harvey has a cotton-gin and grist-mill, and does a general business for people in the vicinity.

William R. Harvey, a planter and stock raiser, of Glass Township, Jackson County, is one of the pioneer settlers of that county. He was born in Hardeman County, Tenn., in 1843, and was the tenth in a family of thirteen children born to William M. and Josephine (Blunt) Harvey, natives of North Carolina. William M. Harvey settled in Hardeman County, Tenn., in an early day; he owned and operated there a large plantation until 1849, when he emigrated to Jackson County, Ark., entoring land in Bird Township. He cut a road to his claim, upon which he erected a small log cabin and commenced clearing and improving his land; this was his home until 1872, in which year he went to Oregon, remaining in that State until 1876, when he returned to Jackson County, where he spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring in August, 1886. The mother of our subject [p.867] died in 1860. William R. was reared on the farm, and received the limited advantages of the subscription schools, assisting his father in the meantime in clearing the farm. In 1862 he enlisted in the Confederate army, Capt. Hooker's company, for two years, and was assigned to Gen. VanDorn's bodyguard, being afterward transferred to John McRay's brigade, Col. Young's regiment; he was in the battles of Prairie Grove, Rockfence, Pilot Knob, Jefferson City, and was with Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri and Arkansas, to Fayetteville. At the close of the war Mr. Harvey returned to Jackson County and engaged in farming, purchasing a tract of 280 acres in Bird Township, which was partly improved; in 1880 he sold out and removed to Glass Township, where he first bought 440 acres, upon which was considerable improvement, and to which he has since added until he now owns in all 700 acres, with over 220 acres under cultivation, one of the finest stock farms in the township, as it is well watered. Mr. Harvey devotes a good deal of attention to stock raising, owning about sixty head of cattle, forty horses, and a large drove of hogs. He annually raises about 100 acres of cotton. Mr. Harvey was married, in Bird Township, in 1865, to Miss Eliza Bettisworth, who was born in Tennessee, and is a daughter of George and Sarah (Anderson) Bettisworth, natives of Kentucky, who removed to Independence County, Ark., in 1850. Mr. Bettisworth, who was a saddler by trade, died in 1855; his widow, who removed to Pocahontas, Randolph County, in 1861, died in 1880. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Harvey, viz: Joseph, William, Sydney, Arthur, and Ross (who died in 1877, at the age of four years). Mr. Harvey is an active politician, working and voting with the Democratic party. He is an enterprising farmer, and fully alive and interested in the advancement and development of the county.

Dr. W. H. Heard. One of the earliest physicians to settle in Jackson County was Dr. Heard, who was born in Chicot County, on June 13, 1840. He is a son of John and Harriet N. (Hardy) Heard, of Georgia and Kentucky, respectively. The maternal grandfather was a colonel in the War of 1812, who was one of the earliest settlers, and died in Jackson County. Dr. Heard's father, John Heard, was an extensive planter in Drew County, where he died during the war, the mother dying some time previous. They were the parents of six children, two of whom are still living: Dr. William H. and Emma (wife of Samuel Holloway). The Doctor was reared on the plantation in Arkansas, and was comparatively young when his parents died. He was attending school at the Georgetown College, in Kentucky, when the War of the Rebellion began, but when the news came into the school-room his youthful ardor was fired with the ambition to become a soldier, and he exchanged the books and orders of his spectacled professor to shoulder the musket and listen to the drum-beat and cannon. He enlisted in Company D, of the First Arkansas regiment, and served through the entire war, taking part in the battles of Farmington, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Perryville, campaigning through Georgia and in the retreat at Franklin, where he was captured and taken prisoner to Camp Douglas. He was here confined for six months, and then taken to the city of New Orleans and exchanged, and at Natchez received his parole. During his many battles he received a number of wounds, but happily recovered from all of them, and lives to-day to recount to his children the scenes of his truggle for the lost cause. After the war was over he returned to Jackson County, and began the study of medicine, and in 1869 graduated from the University of Louisville, and immediately commenced practicing. After an arduous practice of seven years he went to New York City in the fall of 1876, attended lectures at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and received an ad eundem diploma from that institution in the spring of 1877. Up to the present time no man in the profession has exceeded his reputation as a skillful physician and surgeon, and, as a consequence, his practice is one of the largest in Jackson County. Dr. Heard was chosen as acting assistant surgeon of the United States Marine Hospital, and has held that position since 1882. He is a member of the State Medical Society, and has served on the board of examiners for some time, [p.868] and in 1878 he was elected county treasurer, and served one term. In 1879 the Doctor was married to Miss Mattie Foushee, by whom he has had two children: Kate P. and Walter L. He is a Royal Arch Mason, and a member of the Knights of Pythias, also the Royal Arcanum and Knights of Honor. Politically, the Doctor is a Democrat, and one of the strongest supporters of that party. He attends the Methodist Church, and is also one of the directors of the Newport Bank.

Capt. James T. Henderson, a prominent and influential man of Jackson County, and the father of Auvergne, the town where he resides, is a native of Giles County, Tenn., and was born September 14, 1835. His parents were Benjamin Franklin and Nancy C. (Blackwood) Henderson, natives of North Carolina, and of Irish and English ancestry. The parents were murried in Northern Alabama, and in 1834 moved to Giles County, Tenn., locating upon a large plantation, where they reared their family of four children. B. Franklin Henderson was an active and influential Democrat, and the family were members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. James T. was the eldest of the children; the others are Eliza J., who became the wife of Robert L. Davis, in April, 1857; Emma, wife of R. M. Laird, a merchant and farmer of Auvergne; and John C., a farmer and stock raiser, also of Auvergne. Benjamin Franklin Henderson died in the early part of 1849, which sad event made it necessary for James T., who was then attending college in Tennessee, to return home and assist his mother in the management of his father's estate; the mother died in 1856, leaving him sole manager at the age of twenty-one. He was made joint administrator, and Henry Henderson, a colored slave, was appointed foreman under our subject's direction. In 1857 Mr. Henderson was employed by John T. Shapard, of Elkton, as a cotton buyer, in which he was successful, and was subsequently engaged in the store of John T. Shapard under permanent contract at $100 per month; at the end of six months he bought a one-half interest in the business, and the firm became Shapard & Henderson, of Elkton, Tenn., carrying on an extensive business until 1860; in the latter year our subject sold out and removed to Jackson County, Ark., first locating on Bowen's Ridge, where he lived two years. At the outbreak of the war he raised Company H, Thirty-second Arkansas Regiment, of which he was elected captain, and after serving in that capacity a short time, he was selected to fill a position in the secret service under Gens. Hindman, Shelby and Price, and Kirby Smith. He was quite successful in the work of securing supplies for the army, and escaped capture, receiving honorable discharge at the close of the war. He then returned to Arkansas, and bought a large farm near Newport, but was employed as mercantile salesman in the store of J. W. Stayton & Co., of Jacksonport, for three years, afterward, for about the same length of time, in the same capacity with A. Hirsch & Son. In 1873 he bought 755 acres of land, on which he settled, and the first year cleared 400 acres; of this tract he has sold a considerable portion, now owning 480 acres, of which 410 acres are under cultivation. He has erected good houses, barns, etc., and made other improvements. When Mr. Henderson first located his present home, there was no open land between his place and Newport, but his enterprise and perseverance have opened a large area; he has a beautiful home among the trees, one-half mile west of Auvergne, and upon his place is growing a young peach orchard of 1,000 trees, of more than a dozen varieties; he also has other orchards containing nearly all kinds of pears, apples, plums and cherries. All of the twenty-five slaves whom Mr. Henderson owned and brought with him to Arkansas before the war are still living, and have farms of their own, leading independent lives. Capt. Henderson owns ten places, comprising in all 1,220 acres, besides four residences in Newport, and the towns of Tuckerman and Swifton. He located the town of Auvergne, and built the first house there in 1886; he also built and furnished the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, which he presented to the town. With six others besides Capt. Henderson a board of directors was formed, who built and established Auvergne Academy, and in many other ways has our subject taken a leading [p.869] part in the upbuilding of his town. In 1888 he was appointed by the State Immigration Society to organize a Jackson County society, to which he was successful, holding the position of vice-president of his township and director of the county board. Capt. Henderson has devoted considerable attention to the breeding of thoroughbred cattle, and has some of the finest stock in the State. In 1858 the Captain married Miss Amanda M. Laird, daughter of Martin and Margaret (Malone) Laird, natives of Virginia. Capt. Henderson is a member of Newport Lodge No. 191, A. F. & A. M.; he is an Odd Fellow, a member of the K. of H., and A. L. of H., and of the Wheel. He takes an active part in the politics of his county and State as a Democrat, having been elected in 1874 to represent the Twenty-ninth District in the senate, where he served until 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson are consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.

Henry Henderson is a prominent colored resident of Northeast Arkansas, and one whose name is rightly entitled to appear on the pages of Arkansas history. He was born in Madison County, Ala., in 1821, and is a son of Joseph and Amy Walker, who were the property of Samuel Walker, a noted Alabama legislator and slave owner. When Henry was at the age of nineteen years, Samuel Walker died, and he became the property of his heir, Milton Walker, with whom he remained until his twenty-eighth year, when he was then traded to a man named Franklin Henderson, in exchange for a man of the same weight, the trade being made in order to allow the family to remain together. In 1844 he was united in marriage to alindia

Halloway, a comely young slave, who was the property of Louis Halloway, and to this couple were born the following children: Mary, Chatman, Matildia, Ann, Ellen, Sam, Bryson, and a child who died in infancy. Mary is now the mother of a family, and resides in Tennessee, as does also Ann, who has a family of her own. Chatman is the father of a family, and owns a farm adjoining his father, as does also Sam, who owns his own land. Matildia is married, and has a large family, and lives in Washington County, Miss. Ellen has a family also, and lives near her father, while Bryson, who is a well educated and very intellectual man, teaches school at Weldon. In the year 1860 Mr. Henderson came to Bowen's Ridge, Ark., with his owners, the Henderson family, and assisted in farming and improving the land. During the war he was taken to the army as cook, and at the close of that period he was paroled at a point near St. Louis. After an absence of four years he returned to his family, and later on moved to the vicinity of Auvergne, Ark., where he conducted the farm work of his old masters, the Hendersons. He remained with them two years, and then took a lease on forty acres of land, where Auvergne now stands. At the end of five years he purchased forty acres, and shortly afterward added fifteen more, and then fifty-five acres still later. Since then he has become more proeperous from year to year, and has donated considerable land to his children. He is one of the leading men of the colored race in that section, and the oldest of the Hendersons' former slaves.

L. Hirsch, real estate dealer and insurance agent, at Newport, Ark. The principal necessity to the success of the real estate business, the safest and surest form of investment, is to have reliable agents, who are thoroughly posted on their city and locality, and the town of Newport has found such a man in the person of Mr. Hirsch, who is one of the largest land-holders in the county, being the owner of about 2,000 acres of real estate, and fifteen valuable lots in the town of Newport. In connection with this work he is engaged in the insurance business, and represents the following companies: The Hartford, Phoenix, Orient, Ætna, of Hartford, Conn.; the Springfield, of Springfield, Mass.; the Phoenix, of Brooklyn, N. Y.; the Anglo-Nevada, Union, Commercial and California, of the State of California; the Lancashire and North British and Mercantile, of England; the New Orleans Insurance Association, Crescent, Southern, Hibernia, Sun Mutual, and Mechanics and Traders, of New Orleans, La.; the Fire Association, of Philadelphia; the Arkansas Fire, of Little Rock, Ark.; the East Texas, of Tyler, Tex.; the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of New York, and the [p.870] Fidelity and Casualty Company (Accident), also of that city. Mr. Hirsch was born in Batesville, Ark., on the 9th of August, 1855, and is a son of Aaron and Amelia (Blochman) Hirsch, the former a native of France, and the latter of Heidelburg, Germany. While Aaron Hirsch was still a single man, he took passage on board a vessel bound for the United States, and, after reaching this country, gradually drifted to the State of Tennessee, where he was afterward married. In 1853 he removed to Arkansas, locating near Batesville, where he opened a mercantile establishment, and conducted business here and in Jacksonport for many years. L. Hirsch, the subject of this memoir, made his home in Batesville until 1862, then removed with his parents to New Orleans, making that city his home until 1870. Four years later he returned to Newport and established a mercantile store, under the firm name of A. Hirsch & Son, but in 1878 this partnership was dissolved, and the firm name became L. Hirsch & Co., and remained such until 1880. At this date Mr. Hirsch sold out to Wolf & Goldman, and embarked in his present business, and up to 1885 was associated with H. L. Remmel, but in that year he purchased Mr. Remmel's interest, and continued alone until January, 1889, when he gave an interest to his younger brother, Ralph, and the firm is now Hirsch & Bro. He is also treasurer of the Newport Water & Irrigating Company, and has full control of the plumbing department. He is secretary of the White River Telephone Company; is secretary and manager of the White River Ice Manufacturing Company, and is a director of the Newport Compress & Storage Company, now being organized. He is a member in good standing of the Masonic fraternity, belongs to the K. of P., and is treasurer of the latter organization. He has also held the offices of city treasurer and recorder, and has been deputy sheriff and deputy clerk. He is one of the ablest young business men in Jackson County, and in all enterprises of a worthy character he has been the first to identify himself, and take an interest in their successful establishment. Miss Nettie Stafford, a native of Virginia, became his wife in September, 1884, and their union was blessed in the birth of two children: Irving S. and Eugene A.

J. B. Hirsch is a dealer in hardware, groceries and plantation supplies, at Newport, Ark., and is conducting a successful business. He was born in Batesville, Ark., November 25, 1861, but received his education in the cities of New Orleans and St. Lonis, and from his earliest youth he has been familiar with the details of mercantile life. At the age of sixteen years he came with his father, A. Hirsch, to Newport, and began clerking in the latter's mercantile establishment, continuing thus employed until 1881, when they formed a business partnership and continued under the firm name of A. Hirsch & Son, until January, 1889. At this date J. B. Hirsch purchased his father's interest in the business, and began life on his own responsibility, and by honesty and fair dealing is doing an exceptionally prosperous business. His stock of goods is well selected, and in point of size is of fair proportions. For two years he was associated with Wolf, Goldman & Co., but thinking he could do better alone, this partnership was discontinued, and the result has proved that his judgment was sound. He is an intelligent and enterprising young man of business, and his future prospects are bright. He is a Mason and a member of the K. of P. His marriage with Miss Dora Pollock, of Little Rock, Ark., was consummated in September, 1888.

Stephen G. T. Hite resides on Section 23, Cache Township, Jackson County, Ark., and is a farmer and stock raiser by occupation. He is a son of Spencer and Martha J. (Wilkins) Hite, natives of Virginia, where they were married and reared a family of twelve children; one child died in infancy, and another at the age of six years, making in all fourteen. The parents still live on the place upon which they settled immediately after their marriage, Mrs. Hite receiving the land by deed from her father December 25, 1869. Stephen G. T. Hite married Miss Sarah White, a native of Virginia, and a schoolmate. To them have been born the following children: David Russell, born October 13, 1870; Albertana, born September 5, 1872; Ella James, born November 6, 1874; Eunice, [p.871] born unknown; Amos Andrew, born in July, 1881; Charles, born January 20, 1884, and Stephen, born July 17, 1887; two died in infancy. The two elder children were born in Virginia, and the rest in Arkansas. When Mr. Hite first went to Arkansas he located in the neighborhood in which he now lives, purchasing in December, 1875, his present farm, of which about forty acres were under cultivation, and upon which the only buildings were two small log cabins. He now has fifty-two acres under cultivation, and has erected a good two-story frame dwelling. He has also built a cotton-gin, saw and grist-mill, good barns, and has a well-improved place, contemplating still greater improvements, which will beautify his home, as he believes the more attractive the home the better will be the morals of his children. He aims to give his children six months schooling each year, as he thinks a good education is better than a legacy. Mr. Hite served nearly three years in the Fifty-ninth Virginia Volnnteer Infantry, Confederate States Army, and in May, 1864, was wounded by a musket ball carrying away the fourth toe of his left foot. He participated in the siege of Richmond, belonging to the command of Gen. Lee at the time of his surrender to Gen. Grant. Mr. and Mrs. Hite are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, and are highly respected by all who know them.

W. G. Hogan, planter, of Bird Township, is a son of Granville and Mary Jane (Taylor) Hogan, of Tennessee. The father, a farmer, went to Texas in 1853, where our subject was born March 8, of the same year. Soon after arriving the father died; the mother remained some eight years, and finally settled in Bird Township, this county, where she still resides, with her son, W. G. Mr. Hogan was raised on the farm, receiving his education in the schools of Cross County, this State. In 1877 he came to Jackson County, settling in Bird Township, and engaged in farming. He is a Democrat; is active in politics, and has held the offices of justice of the peace and constable, and is a member of the school board, Tuckerman District. He is a member of Kirkpatrick Lodge No. 192, at Tuckerman, holding the office of steward; he is also a member of the Triple Alliance. In 1877 our subject married Maggie Smith, a native of Tennessee, whose parents, Ross and Martha (Woodard) Smith, came to Jackson County in 1874. The mother is still living. They have had four children, three of whom are living: Lafay Ella, Charles Henry and Daniel Green. Mrs. Hogan is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has a brother, M. M. Smith, who is presiding elder of White River conference, located at Jonesboro. Mr. Hogan is actively interested in the schools, and in all enterprises for the advancement of the county.

James W. Howard, farmer and stock raiser, of Jackson County, lives six and a half miles east of Newport, on the Memphis road. His parents were Philip and Hester D. (Bidwell) Howard, of Ohio and Tennessee, respectively. The father lived and married in Arkausas, but returned to Ohio, where James W. was born, the aldest of six children, two now living; Sarah Jane and James W. At the age of nine years the subject of this sketch came to Arkansas with his parents; he had then received the greater part of his education, but attended common school only eleven days in Arkansas. At the outbreak of the War of the Rebellion he was living in Village Township, Jackson County, but enlisted in the Southern army in Company A, Eighth Regiment of Arkansas Volunteer Infantry, served about three and a half years, and at the close of the war returned home, since which time he has given his attention to farming and stock raising, purchasing, in 1873, 120 acres of land, to which he has added by purchase eighty acres, and upon which he has since made his home. At that time, realizing the necessity of an education, he applied himself diligently to study, acquiring sufficient knowledge to carry on his business. Mr. Howard married Miss Margaret Lamkins, a native of Arkansas, who lived ten years, and in 1877 he married Miss Margaret Ballew, of Arkansas, daughter of Robert J. and Mary (Pucket) Ballew, natives of Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Howard are members of the Christian Church, and he has always been a friend to progress–educational, religious and social, liberally supporting the church.

Capt. George W. Hurley (retired). Newport, Ark. The career of the above mentioned gentleman affords a striking example of encouragement for the youth of the present day who have not very favorable circumstances surrounding them, and yet who are desirous of attaining to positions of trust and esteem in the communities where they may hereafter reside. Left an orphan at an early day, Mr. Hurley attained his growth without the influence and tender care of parents, and for this reason, if for no other, he deserves great credit for his success in life, not only in material affairs, but as a man. His birth occurred in Frederick County, Md., on the 1st of May, 1829, and he is the son of Morris and Catherine Hurley, both natives of County Clare, Ireland. The parents were married in their native country, and in about 1829 emigrated to America, where the father, who was a civil engineer and contractor, worked on the Chosapeake and Ohio Canal. He was a large contractor on the canal, and had his headquarters at the Point of Rocks. They were the parents of these children: John, Catherine, Charles and George W., the first three of whom died in the year 1833, as did also the parents, leaving George W. Hurley, only four years of age, alone and among comparative strangers. He was taken by a family who thought considerable of him, received as good an education as they could afford, and, when nine years of age, was apprenticed to learn the tailor's trade. When about thirteen years of age he ran away from his master, went to Baltimore, and shipped as a cabin-boy on board the brig Edith. He made a trip around Cape Horn, visited Santiago, and numerous other places on the Pacific slope, and remained on the ship for about two years, being quite a favorite of the Captain and his wife. Mr. Hurley relates an incident which took place while on the vessel, and gives it as a reason for leaving the sea. It was his duty to wait upon the table, and one day, after dinner, he put some nuts, raisins, etc., in the pockets of his little sailor's suit. The Captain, who frequently indulged too freely at the noon meal, met George on deck, and asked what was in his pockets. The boy replied, "Nothing," which so incensed the Captain that the latter gave him a severe whipping. George was ever after afraid of the commander, and at the first opportunity left the vessel and returned to Baltimore. There he finished his trade as a tailor, and soon after went to Washington, thence to Richmond, Va., where he was taken sick and came very near dying. He became penniless, but, through the charity of friends, obtained enough money to return to Baltimore, where he obtained employment, and there remained until the breaking out of the Mexican War. He then enlisted in the Second Baltimore Battalion, under Col. Hughes, and served one year, receiving a sabre and lance wound at the battle of Monterey, for which he now receives a pension. After recovering he was placed in the quartermaster's department, and was on the Southern route. Upon his second return to his home he had some means saved, and located at New Richmond, Ohio, where he started up a modest tailoring establishment, but only remained there a short time. He then sold out and moved to Indianapolis, Ind., where he secured a position as cutter in a large establishment; but, at the end of one year, he became restless, and enlisted in the Cuban Lopez expedition. He, with about 200 old Mexican soldiers, went to Cuba; eighty-six were captured, fifty-two were taken to Havana and shot, and thirty-four carried on the steamer "Pizarau," a large Spanish man-of-war– and was taken to Spain, with about thirty-four other comrades. They were kept prisoners some six weeks, and during that time, which seemed, no doubt, like so many years, experienced some of the most heartrending scenes imaginable, being taken out every day and counted, with the expectation of being shot. They were finally released by President Fillmore, who sent a United States cutter for them. They were treated like kings on the vessel, being given money, clothes, etc. He came to Kentucky, being again entirely broken up, and invented a patent for garment cutting, with which he traveled over several difforent States, and made considerable money on the same. He subsequently went to Keokuk, Iowa,

where he started another tailoring establishment, and carried it on until 1857. From there he went to Jackson, [p.873] Tenn., where he was married, and removed with his family to White-County, Ark., being there engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1861 he was appointed by Gov. Rector, of Arkansas, as quartermaster of the State troops, and in the organization of a regiment at Mound City, was appointed by Colonel-elect (afterward General) Cleburne, quartermaster of the first State troops. The regiment moved to Pocahontas, where State troops were abandoned and regiments for the Confederacy formed. Being, as a consequence retired, he returned home and organized a company, of which he was made first lieutenant, and afterward, for meritorious conduct, was promoted to a captaincy. He participated in all the general engagements on this side of the Mississippi River, receiving one slight wound from a shell. In 1864 he asked for retired papers, and then took the superintendency of cutting and fitting clothes for the soldiers at Shreveport, La. His family still living in White County when he came home, he moved with them to Augusta, Woodruff County, Ark., where he remained for nine years, being engaged for two years in the livery business, and after this took the traveling agency for a cotton commission house at New Orleans. Having speculated too heavily in cotton, he became involved, and then entered the hotel and confectionery business, which he carried on until 1873, when he came to Newport, then a town of about thirty-one inhabitants. He embarked in the wholesale and retail liquor and tobacco business, afterward turning his

grocery and general planters' supplies, and buying cotton, in which he was very extensively engaged until about 1880. Since that time he has been engaged in the real-estate business, and in building up Newport, owning five large brick business buildings and several residences. He also owns a good farm, and is one of the leading citizens of Jackson County. He has taken great interest in secret orders, is a member of the Masonic fraternity, advancing as far as a Knight Templar. He is also a member of the I. O. O. F., is Past Grand Master, and has been a member of the order since 1847; was initiated in Mechanic's Lodge No. 15, at Baltimore, Md., being subsequently connected with the order in the States of Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky. He is the founder and originator of Newport Lodge No. 71, Newport, Ark., which was organized May 17, 1875. He has been honored with nearly every official position with in the gift of the order; has served as Grand Master, was Grand Representative to the Sovereign Grand Lodge for six years, and Grand Patriarch in the Encampment branch for two years. In 1876 he represented the State of Arkansas in the Sovereign Grand Lodge, at Philadelphia, and in 1882 at Toronto. He is an indefatigable worker in the interests of Odd Fellowship, and is one of the most highly honored members of that fraternity. He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias, and a member of the Royal Arcanum, of which he is past officer. His marriage to Mrs. Mary L. Boyd occurred in 1858, and one child, now deceased, was the result of this union. Mrs. Hurley is a member of the Episcopal Church. Both Mr. Hurley and Mrs. Hurley are hale and hearty in their old age.